About Dysgraphia and IEP Accommodations

Dysgraphia is a learning disability that affects writing ability, including handwriting, spelling, and organizing thoughts on paper. Students with dysgraphia may produce messy or illegible handwriting, write very slowly, avoid writing tasks, or have great ideas they cannot get onto paper.

The most impactful accommodations for dysgraphia give students alternative ways to produce written work. Keyboarding, speech-to-text software, scribes, and oral assessments remove the handwriting barrier while allowing students to demonstrate their knowledge. Graphic organizers and writing templates help with the planning and organization side.

If your child dreads writing assignments or their written work does not reflect what they can explain verbally, ask the IEP team about dysgraphia-related accommodations. These students often have strong ideas but need different tools to express them.

All Dysgraphia Accommodations

62 accommodations for students with Dysgraphia, with plain-English explanations for parents.

Allow use of scribe to record student responses

Your child tells their answers to an aide who writes down exactly what they say, word-for-word, without correcting grammar or spelling.

Testing & Assessment

Allow oral responses instead of written answers

Your child can answer questions by talking aloud instead of writing, and an aide records their responses.

Testing & Assessment

Allow choice of test format (multiple choice vs. short answer)

Your child can choose whether to answer questions by selecting from choices or writing their own answers.

Testing & Assessment

Allow writing directly in test booklet instead of bubble sheets

Your child writes answers directly in the test booklet instead of filling in bubbles on a Scantron sheet.

Testing & Assessment

Allow use of graphic organizers or outline templates

Your child can use a template or graphic organizer to plan their written responses before they write them.

Testing & Assessment

Provide visual aids, graphic organizers, or models of completed work

The teacher will show pictures, examples, or finished samples of what your child should create or do, so they can see the goal clearly.

Directions & Instruction Delivery

Allow student to type assignments instead of handwriting

Your child can use a computer or keyboard to complete writing assignments instead of writing by hand, making it easier to show what they know without struggling with penmanship.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide a scribe to transcribe student's dictated responses

Your child can tell a trained scribe what they want to write, and the scribe types or writes it down exactly as dictated without offering corrections or suggestions.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow use of speech-to-text or dictation software

Your child can speak into a device or computer that converts their words into written text, bypassing the need to type or handwrite.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow spell-check and grammar-check software

Your child can use computer tools that automatically check spelling and grammar in their writing, helping them catch mistakes without relying on memory.

Writing & Handwriting

Exclude handwriting and neatness from grading criteria

Teachers will grade your child on what they wrote (ideas and content), not how neat the handwriting is or how it looks on the page.

Writing & Handwriting

Do not grade spelling on handwritten assignments

Your child's handwritten work will be assessed on ideas and organization, not spelling accuracy, allowing focus on expressing thoughts.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide designated note-taker or copies of class notes

Your child will receive a photocopy of another student's or teacher's notes instead of having to write down everything said in class.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide teacher-created notes or lecture outlines before class

Your child will get printed notes or an outline before the lesson so they can focus on listening and understanding instead of trying to write everything down.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide partially completed outlines to fill in during lessons

Your child receives an outline with blanks to fill in key points, reducing the amount of writing needed while still engaging with the material.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide graphic organizers for writing planning and organization

Your child will use visual templates (like webs, outlines, or charts) to plan and organize their ideas before starting to write.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide sentence starters and paragraph frames for writing

Your child will be given the opening words or structure of sentences to help them get started and organize their writing.

Writing & Handwriting

Reduce length of writing assignments

Your child will complete shorter writing tasks that still practice the same skills but require less physical effort or stamina.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow substitutes for long written assignments (oral, poster, presentation)

Your child can show their learning through a poster, oral presentation, video, or other format instead of writing a long essay or report.

Writing & Handwriting

Use fill-in or short-answer questions instead of essays

Your child will answer questions with a few sentences instead of writing full essays, making it easier to demonstrate knowledge.

Writing & Handwriting

Omit or reduce copying assignments from board or textbook

Your child will not be required to copy material from the board or book; the teacher will provide printed copies instead.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide pencil grips or adaptive writing tools

Your child will use specially designed grips or tools that make holding a pencil easier and more comfortable for writing.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide slant board or slanted writing surface

Your child will write on a tilted surface that improves posture and makes handwriting easier and more legible.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide specialized lined paper (raised lines, bold lines, or large print)

Your child will use paper with thicker, raised, or larger lines that make it easier to stay within lines and form letters correctly.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow use of whiteboard or tablet for writing practice

Your child can practice writing on a whiteboard or digital tablet instead of paper, making corrections easier and reducing frustration.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide word models or letter formation reference sheets

Your child will have a chart showing how to form letters correctly to refer to while practicing writing.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow printing instead of cursive writing

Your child can write in print letters instead of cursive, which is often easier and faster for students with writing difficulties.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide extra space or paper for writing responses

Your child will have extra room on tests or worksheets to spread out their writing, reducing the physical demands of staying within tight spaces.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide access to word-prediction or word-bank software

Your child can use software that predicts words as they type or shows a list of words to choose from, speeding up writing.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow extended time to complete writing assignments

Your child will have extra time to complete writing tasks without rushing, reducing frustration and allowing for more thoughtful work.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow student to complete written work early or in advance

Your child can work on writing assignments ahead of the deadline to spread out the effort and reduce last-minute stress.

Writing & Handwriting

Do not require recopying of work for neatness

Your child will not have to write out assignments again just because the handwriting isn't neat, saving time and reducing frustration.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide access to alternate keyboards or adaptive typing devices

Your child can use a special keyboard or typing device (like eye-gaze or adapted keys) that makes typing possible and easier.

Writing & Handwriting

Use graph paper for math writing to organize numbers and symbols

Your child will use graph paper with squares to line up numbers and symbols neatly, making math work clearer and more organized.

Writing & Handwriting

Allow verbal responses or tape-recorded answers when needed

Your child can give answers by speaking aloud or recording them instead of writing, allowing them to demonstrate knowledge without writing.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide access to text-to-speech to review written work

Your child can hear their writing read aloud by the computer to check for errors and make revisions more easily.

Writing & Handwriting

Provide speech-to-text software for written assignments and assessments

Your child can speak their answers aloud and the computer converts them to typed text, so they don't have to struggle with handwriting or typing.

Assistive Technology & Communication Devices

Allow word prediction software for writing tasks

Your child types a few letters and the software suggests words to complete, reducing typing effort and improving spelling.

Assistive Technology & Communication Devices

Allow oral responses instead of written responses on assignments and tests

Your child can answer questions by speaking instead of writing, showing what they know without the burden of writing.

Assistive Technology & Communication Devices

Provide access to a scribe for dictation of responses

An adult writes down or types what your child dictates, so their ideas are captured without them having to write.

Assistive Technology & Communication Devices

Allow use of computer for completing and submitting assignments

Your child can type assignments on a computer instead of writing by hand, making their work legible and easier to produce.

Assistive Technology & Communication Devices

Allow use of speech-to-text for test planning notes and organizing thoughts

Your child can speak their outline or ideas aloud before taking a test, and the computer writes them down to refer to.

Assistive Technology & Communication Devices

Allow use of speech-to-text on open-ended and essay responses

Your child speaks their essay or paragraph answers into a computer for tests, bypassing the need to type or write.

Assistive Technology & Communication Devices

Provide pre-written worksheets so student doesn't copy problems

Instead of copying problems from the board or textbook, your child receives worksheets with all problems already printed to save time and frustration.

Assignment Presentation & Workload

Allow alternative response formats (typed, verbal, selected-response)

Your child can type answers instead of writing by hand, answer verbally, or select from multiple-choice options rather than writing out responses.

Assignment Presentation & Workload

Reduce paper-and-pencil work; allow digital alternatives

Your child types assignments on a computer, uses speech-to-text, or uses a tablet instead of writing by hand.

Assignment Presentation & Workload

Don't penalize spelling, grammar, or handwriting errors unrelated to objective

In math or science assignments, your child isn't marked down for spelling mistakes—only for incorrect math or science answers.

Assignment Presentation & Workload

Allow student to produce work in their strongest output modality

If your child is a stronger speaker than writer, they can record or speak responses; if they're a strong artist, they can draw to show understanding.

Assignment Presentation & Workload

Allow oral responses or verbal work-through instead of written answers

Your child can explain their thinking aloud or answer questions verbally instead of writing everything down.

Assignment Presentation & Workload

Allow extended time to complete in-class and homework assignments

Your child is given extra time to finish work during class and at home, without it counting against them or being marked late.

Time Management & Transitions

Allow flexible deadlines for major assignments and projects

Your child has a reasonable grace period to turn in bigger assignments without penalty, especially if they need to break work into smaller steps.

Time Management & Transitions

Allow assignment submission on different days or spread over the week

Your child can turn in homework on different days rather than all on one day, reducing the pressure of catching up.

Time Management & Transitions

Allow alternatives to long written reports (oral, short pieces, or multimedia)

Instead of writing one long report, your child might give an oral presentation, create several short written pieces, or make a video.

Organization & Executive Functioning

Provide a self-editing or proofreading checklist

Your child will use a checklist to review their own writing, checking for things like capitalization, spelling, and punctuation.

Organization & Executive Functioning

Allow adapted or alternative writing utensils (pencil grips, weighted pens, etc.)

Your child can use special pencil grips, weighted pens, or other adapted writing tools to help them hold and control pencils or pens more easily.

Health, Medical & Physical Accessibility

Provide a calculator or alternative tools for math without penalty to content mastery

Your child can use a calculator or other tools to show their math understanding without having to do hand calculations if they have physical disabilities.

Health, Medical & Physical Accessibility

Use enlarged or bold graph paper to align numbers in columns

Your child writes on larger-grid graph paper so numbers stay lined up correctly in addition, subtraction, and multiplication problems.

Math Support

Allow paper to be turned sideways for math work

Your child can rotate their paper horizontally (landscape) to give more room for working out math problems, especially multi-step calculations.

Math Support

Provide scrap paper or whiteboard for work instead of writing in textbook

Your child can work out problems on separate paper or a whiteboard and only write final answers in the textbook, saving time and effort.

Math Support

Allow problems to be solved on graph paper or grid lines

Your child works on graph or grid paper that provides lines to keep numbers aligned, reducing handwriting errors and confusion.

Math Support

Allow verbal responses instead of written answers for math problems

Your child can explain or say their math answer aloud to the teacher instead of writing it down, if writing is difficult.

Math Support

Use place-value charts or columns to organize multi-digit problems

The teacher provides a chart with labeled columns (ones, tens, hundreds) so your child knows where each digit belongs in addition or subtraction.

Math Support

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