IEP Modifications in Vermont: Accommodations vs. Modifications
What is the difference between accommodations and modifications in a Vermont IEP?
In Vermont, modifications are changes to the curriculum content or performance expectations for a student with a disability, distinct from accommodations that do not alter content expectations. The IEP must document program modifications under VT AOE Rule 2360.7.1, including any modifications to the general curriculum along with supports for school personnel. When modifications are employed, the IEP must also explain the extent to which the student will not participate with nondisabled peers in the regular class and nonacademic activities (34 CFR 300.320(a)(5)). Vermont's LRE requirements at VT AOE Rule 2360.8 require that placement decisions always consider the least restrictive environment consistent with the student's needs. Vermont promotes inclusive education and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) practices as preferred approaches before curriculum modifications are implemented.
What Vermont Requires
The IEP must document all program modifications and supports for school personnel (VT AOE Rule 2360.7.1; 34 CFR 300.320(a)(4)).
The IEP must explain the extent to which the student will not participate with nondisabled peers in regular classes and nonacademic activities (34 CFR 300.320(a)(5); VT AOE Rule 2360.7.1).
Students with the most significant cognitive disabilities may take the Vermont Alternate Portfolio Assessment; the IEP must justify why the student cannot participate in general assessment (VT AOE Rule 2360.7.1).
The IEP team must consider LRE before recommending modifications that remove a student from general education (VT AOE Rule 2360.8).
Vermont promotes UDL and inclusive education as preferred practices; modifications should be used only when less restrictive supports are insufficient (VT AOE Rule 2360.8).
Key Timelines
Modifications must be reviewed at least annually as part of the IEP review (VT AOE Rule 2360.7.2).
The IEP team must consider annually whether modifications remain appropriate and whether the student can increase participation in the general curriculum (VT AOE Rule 2360.7.2).